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Šta izaziva anemiju i kako je prepoznati

June 15, 2009

Malokrvnost anemijaAnemija se najjednostavnije i najbrže može ustanoviti analizom krvi, čiji će rezultati pokazati broj, veličinu i oblik eritrocita ( RBC ), kao i njihov procenat u krvi ( hematokrit ).

Snižena vrednost hematokrita ukazuje na nedostatak crvenih krvnih zrnaca ili njihovu brzu razgradnju, koju ne može nadoknaditi pojačan rad koštane srži.

Drugi važan pokazatelj anemije je nivo hemoglobina ( Hb ), čije se normalne vrednosti kreću u rasponu od 120 do 160 g/l ( za žene 130 a za muškarce 180 g/l ).

Šta izaziva malokrvnost ?

Većina krvnih ćelija, uključujući i crvena krvna zrnca, stvara se u koštanoj srži kojoj su u tom procesu neophodni gvožđe, proteini i vitamini. Ukoliko organizam ne dobije potrebne količine gvožđa, velika je verovatnoća da će doći do anemije.

Drugi mogući uzroci anemija mogu biti gubitak krvi uzrokovan traumom, ili obilnim menstruacijama, oslabljena proizvodnja eritrocita, oboljenja koštane srži, bubrega, jetre zglobova, neželjana dejstva lekova, nedostatak folne kiseline i vitamina.

Nedostatak vitamina B12

Malokrvnost može uzrokovati i nedostatak vitamina B12, a u tom slučaju, reč je o makrocitnoj anemiji ( povećanje veličine eritrocita ) koja nastaje  usled oboljenja organa za varenje. Ponekad je može izazvati i vegetarijanski način ishrane koji podrazumeva izbacivanje iz jelovnika hrane životinjskog porekla – mesa, jaja i mleka, glavnih izvora ovog vitamina.

Nedostatak vitamina B12 posebno pogađa nervni sistem, a posledice u obliku trnjenja ekstreimteta, poremaćaja ravniteže, pa čak i psihoze mogu biti trajne.

Lečenje traje doživotno i podrazumeva otklanjanje osnovne bolesti koja je dovela do neadekvatne apsorpcije vitamina B12, kao i nadoknade ovog vitamina.

Autor KardioNet · u Tipovi bolesti srca 
O autoru: KardioNet je prvi domaći Internet portal - servis koji pružaocima zdravstvenih usluga u domenu kardiologije, naučno-istraživačkim organizacijama, lekarima, predstavnicima farmaceutske i industrije medicinske opreme, države i fondova osiguranja, kao i pacijentima i zdravoj populaciji, omogućava pristup traženim medicinskim informacijama u bilo kom momentu, sa bilo kog mesta.

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    Anemija se najjednostavnije i najbrže može ustanoviti analizom krvi, čiji će rezultati pokazati broj, veličinu i oblik eritrocita ( RBC ), kao i njihov procenat u krvi ( hematokrit ).

    Snižena vrednost hematokrita ukazuje na nedostatak crvenih kr…
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